Galleywood dates back to early medieval times and was recorded in 1250 as Gauelwode (Galleywood Common), a hamlet of Great Baddow, part of an ancient forest interspersed with open scrubland.
In early-Victorian times the village was centred on The Eagle crossroads, the historic Galleywood Racecourse on Galleywood Common was the scene of the Chelmsford Races for 176 years. Galleywood Common comprises 175 acres and was declared a Local Nature Reserve in 1993. It is an ancient man-made landscape, first recorded in Domesday (1086). The Common has a very strong character and has always been an important feature of the hamlet around which the village grew, providing grazing land, furze and wood for gathering and gravel for building and road making. The Common has had many uses throughout the ages. The civil parish of Galleywood covers an area of 2200 acres and was established in 1987, with the transference of responsibility from Great Baddow to the newly created Galleywood Parish Council.